• Home
  • Browse Issues
    • In Press
    • Current Issue
    • Special Issue
    • Past Issues
  • About
    • Editorial Board
    • Bibliographic Listings
    • Peer Review Process
    • Open Access Policy
    • Plagiarism Policy
    • Copyright Policy
    • Retraction Policy
    • Editorial Policy
    • Disclaimer
  • Author Guidelines
  • Submit Article
  • Contact

Subscribe to Updates

Get the latest creative news from FooBar about art, design and business.

Facebook Twitter Instagram
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
Facebook Twitter Instagram
Submit Article Author Guidelines
  • Home
  • Browse Issues
    1. In Press
    2. Current Issue
    3. Special Issue
    4. Past Issues
    5. View All

    A Study of Nitrosamine Impurities and Regulations Governing their Presence in Drug Products

    September 22, 2023

    Phyto-Pharmacological Importance with Nutritional Potential of Eleusine coracana Linn.: A Review

    September 20, 2023

    Type3c Diabetes Mellitus

    September 20, 2023

    A Study on BioBetters: Various Aspects and Regulatory Approval Process

    September 20, 2023

    A Study of Nitrosamine Impurities and Regulations Governing their Presence in Drug Products

    September 22, 2023

    Phyto-Pharmacological Importance with Nutritional Potential of Eleusine coracana Linn.: A Review

    September 20, 2023

    Type3c Diabetes Mellitus

    September 20, 2023

    A Study on BioBetters: Various Aspects and Regulatory Approval Process

    September 20, 2023

    A Study of Nitrosamine Impurities and Regulations Governing their Presence in Drug Products

    September 22, 2023

    Phyto-Pharmacological Importance with Nutritional Potential of Eleusine coracana Linn.: A Review

    September 20, 2023

    Type3c Diabetes Mellitus

    September 20, 2023

    A Study on BioBetters: Various Aspects and Regulatory Approval Process

    September 20, 2023

    A Study of Nitrosamine Impurities and Regulations Governing their Presence in Drug Products

    September 22, 2023

    Phyto-Pharmacological Importance with Nutritional Potential of Eleusine coracana Linn.: A Review

    September 20, 2023

    Type3c Diabetes Mellitus

    September 20, 2023

    A Study on BioBetters: Various Aspects and Regulatory Approval Process

    September 20, 2023

    A Study of Nitrosamine Impurities and Regulations Governing their Presence in Drug Products

    September 22, 2023

    Phyto-Pharmacological Importance with Nutritional Potential of Eleusine coracana Linn.: A Review

    September 20, 2023

    Type3c Diabetes Mellitus

    September 20, 2023

    A Study on BioBetters: Various Aspects and Regulatory Approval Process

    September 20, 2023
  • About
    • Editorial Board
    • Bibliographic Listings
    • Peer Review Process
    • Open Access Policy
    • Plagiarism Policy
    • Copyright Policy
    • Retraction Policy
    • Editorial Policy
    • Disclaimer
  • Author Guidelines
  • Submit Article
  • Contact
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
Home»JPHI»Vol 11 Issue 4»Characterization of Ephedrine as Illegal Methamphetamine Precursors Based on δ15N, δ13C, and δ2H Isotopes: Their Application for Methamphetamine Profiling in Indonesia
Vol 11 Issue 4

Characterization of Ephedrine as Illegal Methamphetamine Precursors Based on δ15N, δ13C, and δ2H Isotopes: Their Application for Methamphetamine Profiling in Indonesia

December 28, 2021Updated:June 3, 20232 Mins Read
Share
Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Pinterest WhatsApp Email

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2021, 11, 4, 379-383.
DOI:  10.5530/ijpi.2021.4.68
Published:  December 2021
Type: Original Article

Authors: 

Puteri Heryani Supriatna
[1] Magister Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.
[2] The Center of Drug Testing Laboratory, National Narcotics Board Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, INDONESIA.

Harmita Harmita
Magister Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.

Yahdiana Harahap
Magister Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The δ15N, δ13C, and δ2H profile of the ephedrine as a methamphetamine precursor is a fingerprint to describing its origin. The origin of the precursor is one of the supporting data in methamphetamine profiling. In this research, the isotope profiles of natural, synthetic, and semi-synthetic clusters of ephedrine were established. These clusters were applied to predict the origin ephedrine from seized methamphetamine samples in Indonesia. Methods: The isotope profiles of methamphetamine and its precursor were clustered in two steps. Initially, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine from various of the origin were prepared, and then the methamphetamines were synthesized from 4 samples ephedrine of known origin using Emde and Moscow routes. Emde is a method mostly found in Indonesia, and also Moscow as a comparison. Elemental Analyzer-IRMS were used to analyze isotope abundance ratio in order to establish the natural, synthetic, and semi-synthetic clusters. This study was carried out to a total of 20 methamphetamine samples to identified the origin of precursors. Results: The results showed that the isotope profiles of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine formed groups based on the origin. And the isotope profiles of methamphetamine were similar to those of the precursors. Conclusion: The δ15N, δ13C, and δ2H isotope clusters of ephedrine/pseudoephedrine can be applied to seized methamphetamine samples to characterize the origin of the precursor.

Keywords: Ephedrine isotope clustering, Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry, Precursor of methamphetamine, Ephedrine natural, Ephedrine semisynthetics, Ephedrine syntetics  .

Original Article
Previous ArticleHighly Efficient Adsorption and Removal of Amoxicillin from Aqueous Solution by Magnetic Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite
Next Article Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of in vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Novel Pyrrolidine Sulphonamide Derivative

Related Posts

Impact of Mobile Radiations on Gliclazide Tablet Formulation

July 21, 2023

Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of pH Dependent Colon Targeted Controlled Release Tablet of Mesalamine Containing Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Gum and Sodium Alginate

July 21, 2023

Formulation, Development and Characterization of Liposome-based Gel of Eberconazole Nitrate for Topical Delivery

July 21, 2023
Download PDF
Cite this Article
Citation Output

Read in Readcube
  • Download PDF
  • ReadCube
Citations & Metrics
Article Metrics
  • Dimensions Metrics
  • Page Views
  • Related
Total Views 0
Last Month Views 0
Click for PLUM.MX Metrics Search this article in Google Scholar Related Articles in Google Scholar Search related in PUBMED


About
About

publishing peer-reviewed scholarly reviews, themed issues and research articles within the entire scope of the Pharmaceutical field. The journal particularly aims to foster the dissemination of scientific information by publishing manuscripts related to Pharmacy and Related Fields.

We're accepting new submissions right now.

Facebook Twitter RSS
Editor Picks

Overview on Evolving Variants of Novel Coronavirus and Control Measures in India

July 5, 2023

An Overview of the Various Appropriate Types of Cell Lines for the Production of Monoclonal Antibodies

July 5, 2023

Ashwagandha: A Flagship Herb of Ayurveda from Past to Present Nano Era

July 5, 2023

Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Biology and Promise for Regenerative Medicine

July 5, 2023
STAY CONNECTED

Contact Editor-In-Chief
Editor, International Journal of Pharm Investigation
#9, Vinnse Tower, Wheeler Road Extn.
St. Thomas Town, 560084, Bangalore, INDIA
Email: editor@jpionline.org

© 2023 Phcog.Net | Published by : EManuscript.
  • Home
  • Submit Article
  • Disclaimer
  • Contact

Type above and press Enter to search. Press Esc to cancel.