International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2023, 13, 2, 344-358.
DOI: 10.5530/ijpi.13.2.045
Published: March 2023
Type: Original Article
Authors:
Ahlam Furayhan Althobaiti
College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.
Shuruq Hamdan Alshalawi
College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.
Atheer Atallah Alqurashi
College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.
Waad Faris Altowairqi
College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.
Hajer Mubark Alsulami
College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.
Shaheen Sultana
IIMT College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic had serious impact on people’s mental health in the 21st century. Mental disorders have inuenced economically on the society and have a dramatic eect on families too. This study aims to assess the eects of COVID-19 on psychological outcomes of pandemic and its associated risk factors on the general population of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by distributing the questionnaires electronically in Saudi Arabia from 1st March 2021 to 30thApril, 2022. PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PSQ-30 were used to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety among population. A total of 1532 participants completed the study. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 25.1%, 42.5%, and 68.48%, respectively. Signicant predictors were Saudi nationals, young and single participants, less earning and respondents with no children. The mean depression score was signicantly higher in participants that had not been infected with COVID-19 and anyone who is not living with an infected person had scored signicantly. Conclusion: In this study, we disclosed a high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. In conclusion, COVID-19 is an epidemiological crisis that is casting a shadow on vulnerable population. Appropriate knowledge and specialized interventions must be accessible to promote the psychological health of the Saudi population.
Keywords: COVID-19, Anxiety, Depression, Saudi Arabia