International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2023, 13, 2, 215-223.
DOI: 10.5530/ijpi.13.2.029
Published: March 2023
Type: Review Article
Authors:
Ankita Wal
Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
Garima Vishnoi
Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
Divyanshi Gupta
Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
Parul Srivastava
Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
Pranay Wal
Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
Awani K Rai
Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.
ABSTRACT
Background: Smallpox-like symptoms are seen in the viral zoonotic illness known as monkeypox. In the current outbreaks being reported, the World Health Organization (WHO) claims that this is the first instance of chains of transmission being documented in Europe without known epidemiological connections to West or Central Africa. On August 7, 2022, the WHO reported a total of 27,815 confirmed cases in over 89 countries, with the majority of those affected experiencing monkeypox for the first time. The objective of this article is to provide a succinct overview of the monkeypox, its transmission mechanisms, and available preventative methods in adolescents. Materials and Methods: Several databases, including WHO guidelines, PubMed, Bentham Science, and Elsevier, were used to compile the data for the article following a thorough analysis of the various research findings connected to monkey pox infection, pathogenesis, and available treatments. Results: Monkeypox is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus that causes disease in humans similar to smallpox. Complications are more likely in children and the immunocompromised. Treatment is largely symptomatic. The first-line treatment for monkeypox, including in kids and teenagers, is tecovirimat. Conclusion: We came to the conclusion from this review that adolescents and adults both transmit the monkey pox virus. The most common sign of monkeypox in kids and teens is a rash that starts out as maculopapular lesions and turns into vesicles, pustules, and then scabs, just like diseases in adults. Children and adolescents who have been exposed to individuals with suspected or confirmed monkeypox may benefit from Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) with vaccination, immune globulin, or antiviral medicine.
Keywords: Pathogenesis of Monkey Pox, Treatment of Monkey Pox, Complication, Prevention and Management of Monkey Pox, Vaccination of Monkey pox, WHO guidelines for Monkeypox.